A spinal cord stimulator (SCS) is a small implanted device that sends electrical pulses to the brain to mask pain signal from reaching the brain, and has been used for almost 30 years to help patients reduce chronic pain and opioid usage.

Facet joint injections help diagnose the cause and location of pain while providing pain relief in the spine joints. Facet joint injections involves injecting a small amount of local anesthetic (numbing solution) and/or steroid medication, which can help block pain from reaching the brain.

Nerve block injections are used to diagnose a pinched, compressed or inflamed nerve. They can also be used to provide pain relief for chronic lower back and severe leg pain. They are generally most effective when a single nerve or small group of nerves is causing pain.

Anticonvulsants are a prescription medicine that calm brain hyperactivity, prevent or reduce seizures, and can reduce persistent pain. By helping reduce or control abnormal increases in brain electrical activity, anticonvulsants relieve pain by interfering with damaged (neuropathy) or overly...

Antidepressants are a broad range of drugs that treat depression by altering brain chemicals to reduce restlessness, anxiety, and sleep disorders. These drugs work by altering the functioning of brain regions that are controlled by neurotransmitters, which transfer messages between brain cells...