A pain pump is surgically implanted device designed to deliver medication directly to the spinal cord reducing the dosage required for pain relief, and limiting the side effects of oral medication. Pain pumps interrupt pain signals to the brain and are used when oral medications and other...

Vagus Nerve Stimulation is an implanted stimulator that stimulates the vagus nerve with electrical impulses. The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve, running from the brainstem to the colon. It’s function can be divided into: sensory and motor. Sensory functions include: providing sensation...